Environment analysis of Germany and Expansion of BYD Co., Ltd 03013 Essay - 1

Environment analysis of Germany and Expansion of BYD Co., Ltd 03013 - Essay Example The Third section is based on the recommendations of market entry strategy, and Section four includes marketing mix. The last section is based on the conclusion. Environmental factors have a huge impact on businesses; therefore, organization before taking start conducts the environmental analysis. Firm that are involved in systematic environmental assessment is more effective than those that do not conduct or analyze the environment. Environmental analysis is the study of factors that make impact on business and helps in identifying the opportunities for the organization and guide organizations to take actions that are appropriate in order to have the full advantage of opportunity (Jain, Trehan and Trehan 2009).Environment analysis can be divided into two segments macro and micro. The best common tool that is used to conduct the macro environmental analysis is PESTLE analysis (Bensoussan and Fleisehr 2012). 1) In Germany political conditions are in favor of the automobile industry, the government has policy to support the car industry through funding. In 2013, according to the estimates, the government made $1303 funding on per vehicle produced (The Conservation 2013). 2) The Country has policy to give a political response to the industry in case of crisis. For example, in response to 2008 crisis, a significant downturn in the European market by 11% was encountered; in response to the downturn, Germany introduced several scraping schemes that helped in increasing the demand of cars (OECD 2009). 3)The Governmenthad significant policies to encourage the electro-mobility initiatives and had introduced a â€Å"national electro-mobility development program† with more than 500 million euro investment (Germany Trade & Invest 2013). 4) The Government has policies to invest in new technologies and committed to spending EUR 70 billion on research and development on annual basis. Germany is the

Microeconomics and the Laws of Supply and Demand Simulation Essay Example for Free

Microeconomics and the Laws of Supply and Demand Simulation Essay Based on Webpedia (2014), microeconomics is the interaction and behavior of individual components within an economic system. About the flip side, yet, he claims that macroeconomics examines the market as an aggregate. While microeconomics has a slim viewpoint of the market, macroeconomics examines the market from a wide standpoint. In the University of Phoenix simulation (n.d), for instance, Atlantis metropolis is a little and pleasant town with sufficient infrastructure, rendering it acceptable to custom. This is often considered as the macroeconomic view of the town because the investigation covers a wide spectrum. The simulation more signifies that there exists a low-traffic and hardly any pollution and low-crime rate. This confirms a more narrow outlook of the metropolis, looking at individual elements of the city which makes it conducive living environment. Acceptable infrastructure can be a generalized notion making it a macroeconomic view of the town. The reference of the parks and home narrows down the area into two sublets of infrastructure, in other words, home and recreational services. A change to the right of the supply curve would suggest that theres been a subsequent rise in the offer of 2-bedroom flats. This was due to a growth in demand impacted by the truth that a brand new firm, Lintech, moved to the town, and there was consequently a population increase along with a subsequent boost in demand of 2-bedroom flats. The entry of new residents had an in earnings, which produced them favor detached houses. Goodlife went farther and converted 400 flats from their 3200 into condos. Equilibrium is the level where the demand and provide curve fulfill in the center. The equilibrium value was initially at $1050 , along with the amount provided was 2000 flat units. A change to the proper in the demand curve, occasioned by means of a growth in populace from Lintech, raises the cost of the models supply staying persistent. When it c omes to decision making, itll be wise for the provider to raise the supply. Yet, change in the tastes of the customers occasioned by means of a rise in income amounts meant demand would fall. A  reduction in need of the 2-bedroom flats on account of modify in tastes lead into a drop in supply, and thus, the demand and also the offer curves would switch to the left. The shift in provide were more compared to the shift in-demand, for instance, it might imply that there will be a deficit in the equilibrium rental fee significance that supply is going to be lower than whats needed. Meaning, the business will need to offer fewer flat units compared to the potential client is prepared to invest to them. The rental rate would need to increase therefore the amount needed reduces until there exists a decrease in deficit. This technique goes on until a brand new equilibrium point is achieved. These forces are at the mercy of different variables to the side of both consumer and provider. For instance, a growth in demand will likely be at the mercy of not only cost, but additionally taste and tastes, the income degree of the customer marketplace and also the size of the marketplace. Growth of supply can be impacted by several other variables for example cost of associated items, dimension of populace and others. In the telephone sector, for instance, the desire is principally geared by pricing, but other variables should be placed into play. Why really would one consider purchasing an iPhone when its deemed really pricey? It really is just since the Apple telephone organization has arch out a market in supplying outstanding quality telephones which are user-friendly. Hence it is imperative to think about the marketplace tendencies to ensure ones merchandises are almost always useful. Microeconomics, as mentioned before, deals and intermingles together with the individual models of the market. In the real-estate business, microeconomics will take a look in the many liv ing conditions of distinct portions of the town and ascertain who dwells there. Microeconomics might assess the person facets which could change an industry, for instance, growth in income, populace designs and client preferences in real-estate. An rich place may have fewer lodging components directly proportionate to the few who make high wages, and not as wealthy places could have more folks because of the exceptionally affordable housing components. Equilibrium in essence will be a culmination of cost and amount ascertained in the micro-level. Price elasticity of demand stems from customer’s responsiveness or sensitivity to changes in price (Colander, n.d, ). In the simulation, a rise in cost caused a reduction in the need of flats. The simulation  advocated the purchase price ought to be optimized to attain maximum gains, while in exactly the same time making sure the pricing would be advantageous to the client. That is the stage of equilibrium. Costs above this level would result in excess and costs beneath would cause a deficit. The simulation continues to be powerful in establishing the potency of the powers of demand and supply. In the simulation, a rise in cost caused a reduction in the need of flats. The simulation advocated the purchase price ought to be optimized to attain maximum gains, while in exactly the same time making sure the pricing would be advantageous to the client. That is the stage of equilibrium. Costs above this level would result in excess and costs beneath would cause a deficit. The simulation continues to be powerful in establishing the potency of the powers of demand and supply. References Colander, D. C. (n.d). Microeconomics ninth edition (9th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database PRICE ELASTICITY OF DEMAND. (2014). In Webpedia. Retrieved from http://www.amosweb.com/cgi-bin/awb_nav.pl?s=wpdc=dspk=price+elasticity+of+demand University of Phoenix. (n.d). Applying Supply and Demand Concepts [Multimedia]. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, ECO365 website.

Common Mistakes in Writing

Common Mistakes in Writing What are the top three complaints employers have about employees’ writing abilities? The writing abilities of a person are very crucial. The employees in an organization should have this ability to show the world what they can do. If a person cannot write well, he will never be successful in any field of life. There are certain complaints that the employers have from their employees regarding to the writing. 1. No critical thinking: Writing starts off with this factor and ends with the same. If a person does not possess this, he will not be able to write well. 2. Expectations: The employees in an organization expect something else and get something else for writing. The employers than have nothing but complaining. 3. Grammatical mistakes: The employees do not possess strong grammatical ability to write. If they have no grip on their grammar, they cannot write well and as per condition. What are the top ten most common mistakes people make with punctuation? 1. Comma and introductory phrase: Most of the time, the comma is omitted to include for separating the introductory phrase. Example: To the extent I know he will be able to solve this issue. Correction: To the extent I know, he will be able to solve this issue. 2. Extra dots: Whenever you are to use the eclipses, the dots should not exceed the number of three. Example: I asked you to be with me, for that reason†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦., I told you, last night. Correction: I asked you to be with me, for that reason†¦, I told you, last night. 3. Use of an apostrophe with the abbreviation: The apostrophe should not be used with the abbreviation of the words. Example: CD’s cover speaks what is in it. Correction: CDs cover speaks what is in it. 4. Excessive use of exclamation marks: These marks show emotions and should not be used everywhere in a paragraph. Example: Alas! It is true that you are coward! Correction: alas! It is true that you are a coward. 5. Omission of colon: Sometimes the colon is omitted for introducing items. Example: I have many things in my bags that include, wallet, cell phone, bottle, and books. Correction: I have many things in my bags that include: wallet, cell phone, bottle, and books. 6. Comma instead of a semi colon: Both of them have their own importance. They should never be used alternatively. Example: If any mishap happened in the school; children will not like to come here again. Correction: if any mishap happened in the school, children will not like to come here again. 7. Set off non-essential appositives with comma: It is crucial to set this sort of appositive off from the rest of the sentence. Example: John the DJ was playing outstanding music in the party. Correction: John, the DJ, was playing outstanding music in the party. 8. Use of Interrogative sign: This sign should not be used when there is no question in the sentence. Example: You will not like what I have? Correction: You will not like what I have. 9. Capitalization of the nouns: These are only the proper nouns which are capitalized. Example: The President Clinton liked to be at this place. Correction: The president Clinton liked to be at this place. 10. Use of apostrophe with the possessive pronoun: There is no need to use the apostrophe with the possessive pronoun as they are already showing possession and fulfilling the purpose of apostrophe. Example: I like the car of his’ uncle or I like his’ uncle’s car. Correction: I like the car of his uncle or I like his uncle’s car. What are the top ten most common mistakes people make with grammar? 1. Affect and effect: People usually mix them up with each other. Affect is verb while the effect is noun and shows the influences of something on someone. Example: His affect was numerous. Example: He is going to effect you mentally. Correction: His effect was numerous. Correction: He is going to affect you mentally. 2. â€Å"Such as† not â€Å"such which or who†: After such, as is used as a precedent to the word such. Example: He is such a boy which is naughty. Correction: He is such a boy as is naughty. 3. Plural when there is â€Å"and† among the words: The use of â€Å"and† makes the noun a collective one, unless it is representing one and same idea. Example: Time and tide are very precious thing for everybody. Correction: Time and tide is very precious thing for everybody. 4. False use of preposition: There are certain prepositions that are fixed with the verbs and always follow them. Example: I am afraid from you. Correction: I am afraid of you. 5. Separation of the infinitive: The full infinitive should not be separated by any word. The word separating them should be used at some other place. Example: I would like to efficiently perform this duty. Correction: I would like to perform this duty efficiently. 6. Question is not a question: Question should be asked by setting the right structure of the sentence. Example: From where you could find this precious stone? Correction: From where could you find this precious stone? 7. Plural of uncountable nouns: The nouns which cannot be counted do not form their plural by themselves. The words piece, lot, and the like are used to make its plural. Example: I have information that you will like to know. Correction: I have a piece of information that you will like to know. 8. No subject-verb agreement: The verb should always be agreed with its subject. Plural subject mean plural verb and singular subject mean singular verb and vice versa. Example: He and I am not going to perform this wicked act. Correction: He and I are not going to perform this wicked act. 9. Who and which: The first one represents the pronoun that is used for the people and the second one is used for the animals and non-living things. Example: He is the same guy which was caught red-handed. I like your cell phone who is having all the features. Correction: He is the same guy who was caught red-handed. I like your cell phone which is having all the features. 10. Dependent clause as a complete sentence: The dependent clause can never stand by its own. It needs the main and independent clause to covey the accurate meaning. It should be separated with a comma and should be the part of a compound sentence. Example: People are spending healthy life in this town. They like nothing else. Correction: People are spending healthy life in this town, they like nothing else. Bibliography Leki, I. (1991). Foreign Language Annals. Rebecca. (n.d.). 50 Common Grammar Mistakes in English – part 1. Retrieved 09 20, 2014, from www.engvid.com: http://www.engvid.com/english-resource/50-common-grammar-mistakes-in-english/ Smith, C. S. (1964). Determiners and Relative Clauses in a Generative Grammer of English. Linguistic Society of America. Cobbett, William(2003, originally 1818).A Grammar of the English Language (Oxford Language Classics). Oxford University Press. p.256.ISBN0-19-860508-0. Curme, George O., College English Grammar, Richmond, VA, 1925, Johnson Publishing company, 414 pages . A revised editionPrinciples and Practice of English Grammarwas published by Barnes Noble, in 1947. Note: the assistance was also taken from the teachers, senior students and, the books.

Thigh Creams :: Media Self Image Papers

Thigh Creams As we approach the twenty-first century, the western world has become increasingly preoccupied with idealizing thin women. As young women are socialized they are exposed to images in the news media which perpetuates the vision that thin women are happy and successful. These are the role models to which women look up to, creating increasing pressure to live up to such an ideal. Desperate to achieve a figure that rivals Elle Mcpherson, women are willing to pay exorbitant costs, and sacrifice, trying almost anything to look like modern society's ideal woman. As the mediums available to advertisements continue to expand so do the number of products available claiming and guarantying weight loss or firming effects. Women shell out billions of dollars each year hoping that one of these "miracle" products will finally render them thin, after all thin is beautiful, right? However, a woman can be thin and still have cellulite, so does this mean that she is not beautiful? The media has taught women that cellulite is a lifelong battle that must be waged. If Cindy Crawford, Claudia Schiffer, and Rachel Hunter certainly don't have cellulite, why should the average American woman? So we are given a plethora of products to chose from which promise to make us all super models. So what is the problem? It is highly unlikely that none of the super models have cellulite, as it is an affliction which is common to women of all weight ranges. Also, super models have an advantage that the rest of us do not, their photographs may be digitally enhanced to redu ce something as unsightly as cellulite. The cosmetic industry has jumped on the opportunity to profit from women who perceive their bodies to be inadequate or at the very least, less than ideal. If these products were not hot sellers than there would not be such a variety available on the market. As a woman who has fallen prey to societal pressures and purchased two different "miracle" thigh creams, I was wondering do these creams work for others even though I, personally, didn't find much of a difference? After all a picture says a thousand words, and everyone has seen those advertisements with the before and after pictures, why hadn't I achieved such results? I was then given the motivation I needed to find out the answer when I was given an assignment to research the claims of a health product.

Outline and Evaluate Research Into the Effects of Day Care on Social Development Essay

Belsky and Rovine (1988) conducted a study in order to assess attachment using the strange situation technique. They observed infants who had been receiving 20 hours or more of day care per week before the age of 1. Their findings suggested that, in comparison to children at home, these children were more often insecurely attached. With insecure attachments being associated with poorer social relationships this may be considered a negative effect of day care. The NICHD started a longitudinal study in 1991 to study many aspects of child development. Similarly the NICHD study found that children who were in day care for more than 30 hours a week were 3 times more likely to show behaviour problems when they went to school. By comparing the two studies we can see that the amount of time spent in day care plays an important role in whether or not children showed negative effects. However Violata and Russell’s meta-analysis showed that when time spent in day care exceeds 20 hours a week negative effects become apparent however the NICHD study found this time to be 30 hours therefore the results are contradictory and inconsistent. The EPPE study was a large scale, longitudinal study of the progress and development of 3,000 children in various types of pre-school education across the UK. The results of the EPPE study found that high levels of day care, particularly nursery care in the first 2 years, may elevate the risk of developing anti-social behaviour. To some degree the EPPE study supports the findings of Belsky and Rovine’s study as both found that the age of the child when placed in day care contributed to whether or not it was perceived to have negative implications. However the two studies can only be looked at comparatively to a certain extent as Belsky and Rovine’s study assessed infants under the age of 1 whereas the EPPE study assessed children up to the age of 7. Clarke-Steward et al studied 150 children and found that those who were in day care were consistently more advanced in their social development than  children who stayed home with mothers, enabling them to better deal with peer relationships. Likewise, the EPPE study found increased independence and sociability in the children who attended day care. Field (1991) found that the amount of time spent in full-time day care was positively correlated to the number of friends children has once they went to school. However, although these findings suggest that full-time day care had positive effects on the child, the results clash with studies conducted by Belsky and Rovine. This may be due to individual differences of the children assessed in both studies, for example shy children may have appeared insecure when assessed using the strange situation technique by Belsky and Rovine. Moreover the positive correlation shown in Field’s study cannot accurately be used as grounds to state that full-time day care causes children to be more popular as correlation is not causation.

Nokia Organizational Structure

Nokia Organizational Structure Executive Summary An organization is defined as an integration of processes with a single purpose; to attain the expected goal of an organization, management needs to develop and effective working organizational structure. An effective organizational structure looks into qualitative and quantitative issues of the structure were it ensures that both human resources matters and physical combination of resources have been addressed accordingly.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nokia Organizational Structure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nokia is an international phone company that is currently leading in the phone segment of the electronic market in the world; the company’s organizational structure has enabled it to command the success it has attained. As time goes, the structures of the company are becoming week calling for immediate actions to be taken to retain the glory of the company. The main areas that n eed to be looked into include the strategic alliances division, innovation and invention section of the company, and the organizational culture adopted by the Company. Introduction The success of an organization depends on how well physical and human resources of the organization have been organized and managed. Organizational theory emphasizes that every organization has potential to become competitive in its industry if it organizes the assets, both physical and intangible, that it has. Leaders have the role of developing an organizational structure, which is the framework of operation in the organization, effectively developed structures ensures that resources are effectively managed, customers are satisfied, human resources are well managed, and all stakeholders are satisfied with the position of the organization. An organizational structure has a total quality approach where all areas of the organization are addressed; despite this totality approach, changes in business environ ments and industries have sometimes made companies to find their strategies ineffective and irresponsive of current business policies (Wheelen Hunger, 1998). Nokia is an international phone company, with its headquarters in Finland. The company currently enjoys a market share of about 37% and aims at increasing the market share to over 40% by the end of 2011; however, the company is facing a number of strategic issues, which has made its profits and sales reduce in the recent past and overtaken by Apple Inc. products.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This report is an analysis of organizational structure of Nokia Phone Company; the report will analyze the current structure of the company and current strategic issues facing the company. Nokia is divided into four main departments where every department, also called business group, is given some mandate to undertake, the departments are Mobile Phones; Multimedia; Enterprise Solutions and Networks; other than the departments, the company has two horizontal departments as Technology Platforms and Customer and Market Operations. Neither the business group nor the horizontal department work independent, however they are interdependent with each other, the following chart shows the companies organizational culture: Chart 1 Each manager or departmental head is responsible for his area and is expected to work for the good of the entire firm. As strategic tool, Nokia have realized the need to have an effectively managed human capital; a company requires both physical and human resources for its operations; human resources are the greatest asset that an organization can have; without it, no business transaction can take place. It ensures that the business is run in the right way, and thus determines the current as well as the future state of the business (Bateman Snell, 2011).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Nokia Organizational Structure specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nokia has a human resources management department with the role of ensuring staff needs have been addressed effectively, the department has the role of ensuring that the company has the right number of human capital at the right time at an appropriate cost. It has the mandate of planning, deploying, employing, training, retaining, and dismissal of employees. When the department is undertaking this duty, it looks into quantitative and qualitative aspects. Qualitative means the right number of employees and qualitative means employees with right skills. Managing human resources has been an ignored area in traditional business management, however with modern strategic management; managers increasingly understand that the success of their organization is highly dependent with how well they manage their human resources. When managing human resource s, managers ensure that they understand the needs of the human resources and their motivations, when they are well managed, they are sources of creativity, innovations and innovation. Strategic management gurus are of the opinion that organizations that have well managed human resources have an asset over their competitors that can be used for a long time as a source of competitiveness. Nokia hires from the domestic and international market to ensure that it has the right expertise and have a diverse workforce, with such a people resource the company is able to trade effectively in the local and international markets (Taylor, 2008). Organizational structure model The large number of staffs at Nokia and different management and supervisory levels offers Nokia a tall organizational structure. The diagram below is an illustration of a tall organizational structure similar to that of Nokia. Chart 2 Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The structure is only there to ensure that there is good management and processes within the organization are well managed and controlled. Despite the company being the largest phone company in the world, the company is facing a number of strategic issues that if not addressed with immediate effect, then the company is likely to lose its competitiveness and dominance in the market; the following are the strategic issues: Creating significantly short replacement cycle Phones are long-lasting equipments and making them as so is one of value and quality assurance of Nokia, however markets are getting saturated with phones thus holding a single phone for a long period of time. When this happens, then the growth of sales is hampered and the company cannot continue with its sales. In countries like Finland, Europe and some African countries, the company’s products are seen everywhere and the markets are slowly growing. Saturation of current markets The company has its main oper ating base at Asia, North America and Europe, however these markets are becoming saturated with phones and the markets seems not to be growing. Despite the slowed growth, the markets have a number of international players selling their products in the markets. The company’s sales are not promising in the country as well as the operating costs in these countries is on the upward rise (Kaushik Cooper, 2000). Reluctance in technological innovation In the recent past, the phone industry has experienced a massive development, other companies like Apple Inc. and Samsung have pioneered however, Nokia, and it have not pioneered the development. The reluctance in the innovation has resulted to Nokia–Apple patent dispute; it has also seen the company become a technology copier (McFarland, Bloodgood and Payan, 2008) Conclusion With the current success in the international markets, Nokia should be thinking of a brand extension approach: brand extension is a marketing tool used to market products using the strength of an existing brand. It involves developing of new products, mostly related to the product already in the market, it is a method of widening of the range of products (or services), by riding in the strength of an existing brand. It is a method of optimal brand strength by creating additional sales. It is also a form of increasing Brand Equity. Brand extension is strategic and should b e timely; when over done it ends to diluting of a brand. The company should be on the high note to have other electronic commodities that can drive the market; the new products that the company can develop include television sets, Radios, laptops, and music equipments. The new products are likely to b ea driving force for the company; Apple Inc. with the invention and invention of IPods and I-phones the company was able to control a niche market; a diversion from its main line of business that was desktops and computer software development. References Bateman, T. S., Snell, S. A. (2011). Management: Leading collaborating in a competitive world. New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin Ketchen Jr., G., Hult, T.M. (2006). Bridging organization theory and supply chain management: The case of best value supply chains. Journal of Operations Management, 25(2), 573-580. McFarland, R., Bloodgood, J. and Payan, J.(2008). Supply Chain Contagion. Journal of Marketing, 72(2), 63-79. Taylor, G.(2008). Lean Six Sigma Service Excellence: A Guide to Green Belt Certification and Bottom Line Improvement. New York: Ross Publishing. Wheelen, L., Hunger, J. (1998). Strategic Management and Business Policy: Entering 21st Century Global Society. Massachusetts: Addison Wesley

List of Metal Alloys by Base Metal

List of Metal Alloys by Base Metal An alloy is a material made by melting one or more metals together with other elements. This is an alphabetical list of alloys grouped according to the base metal of the alloy. Some alloys are listed under more than one element, since the composition of the alloy may vary such that one element is present in a higher concentration than the others. Aluminum Alloys AA-8000: used for building wireAl-Li (aluminum, lithium, sometimes mercury)Alnico (aluminum, nickel, copper)Duralumin (copper, aluminum)Magnalium (aluminum, 5% magnesium)Magnox (magnesium oxide, aluminum)Nambe (aluminum plus seven other unspecified metals)Silumin (aluminum, silicon)Zamak (zinc, aluminum, magnesium, copper)Aluminum forms other complex alloys with magnesium, manganese, and platinum Bismuth Alloys Woods metal (bismuth, lead, tin, cadmium)Rose metal (bismuth, lead, tin)Fields metalCerrobend Cobalt Alloys MegalliumStellite (cobalt, chromium, tungsten or molybdenum, carbon)Talonite (cobalt, chromium)Ultimet (cobalt, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, iron, tungsten)Vitallium Copper Alloys Arsenical copperBeryllium copper (copper, beryllium)Billon (copper, silver)Brass (copper, zinc)Calamine brass (copper, zinc)Chinese silver (copper, zinc)Dutch metal (copper, zinc)Gilding metal (copper, zinc)Muntz metal (copper, zinc)Pinchbeck (copper, zinc)Princes metal (copper, zinc)Tombac (copper, zinc)Bronze (copper, tin, aluminum or any other element)Aluminum bronze (copper, aluminum)Arsenical bronze (copper, arsenic)Bell metal (copper, tin)Florentine bronze (copper, aluminum or tin)Glucydur (beryllium, copper, iron)Guani ­n (likely a manganese bronze of copper, manganese, with iron sulfides and other sulfides)Gunmetal (copper, tin, zinc)Phosphor bronze (copper, tin, and phosphorus)Ormolu (Gilt Bronze) (copper, zinc)Speculum metal (copper, tin)Constantan (copper, nickel)Copper-tungsten (copper, tungsten)Corinthian bronze (copper, gold, silver)Cunife (copper, nickel, iron)Cupronickel (copper, nickel)Cymbal alloys (Bell metal) (copper, tin)Devardas alloy (copper, aluminum, zinc)E lectrum (copper, gold, silver) Hepatizon (copper, gold, silver)Heusler alloy (copper, manganese, tin)Manganin (copper, manganese, nickel)Nickel silver (copper, nickel)Nordic gold (copper, aluminum, zinc, tin)Shakudo (copper, gold)Tumbaga (copper, gold) Gallium Alloys Galinstan (gallium, indium, tin) Gold Alloys Electrum (gold, silver, copper)Tumbaga (gold, copper)Rose gold (gold, copper)White gold (gold, nickel, palladium, or platinum) Indium Alloys Fields metal (indium, bismuth, tin) Iron or Ferrous Alloys Steel (carbon)Stainless steel (chromium, nickel)AL-6XNAlloy 20CelestriumMarine grade stainlessMartensitic stainless steelSurgical stainless steel (chromium, molybdenum, nickel)Silicon steel (silicon)Tool steel (tungsten or manganese)Bulat steelChromoly (chromium, molybdenum)Crucible steelDamascus steelHSLA steelHigh speed steelMaraging steelReynolds 531Wootz steelIronAnthracite iron (carbon)Cast iron (carbon)Pig iron (carbon)Wrought iron (carbon)Fernico (nickel, cobalt)Elinvar (nickel, chromium)Invar (nickel)Kovar (cobalt)Spiegeleisen (manganese, carbon, silicon)FerroalloysFerroboronFerrochrome (chromium)FerromagnesiumFerromanganeseFerromolybdenumFerronickelFerrophosphorusFerrotitaniumFerrovanadiumFerrosilicon Lead Alloys Antimonial lead (lead, antimony)Molybdochalkos (lead, copper)Solder (lead, tin)Terne (lead, tin)Type metal (lead, tin, antimony) Magnesium Alloys Magnox (magnesium, aluminum)T-Mg-Al-Zn (Bergman phase)Elektron Mercury Alloys Amalgam (mercury with just about any metal except platinum) Nickel Alloys Alumel (nickel, manganese, aluminum, silicon)Chromel (nickel, chromium)Cupronickel (nickel, bronze, copper)German silver (nickel, copper, zinc)Hastelloy (nickel, molybdenum, chromium, sometimes tungsten)Inconel (nickel, chromium, iron)Monel metal (copper, nickel, iron, manganese)Mu-metal (nickel, iron)Ni-C (nickel, carbon)Nichrome (chromium, iron, nickel)Nicrosil (nickel, chromium, silicon, magnesium)Nisil (nickel, silicon)Nitinol (nickel, titanium, shape memory alloy) Potassium Alloys KLi (potassium, lithium)NaK (sodium, potassium) Rare Earth Alloys Mischmetal (various rare earths) Silver Alloys Argentium sterling silver (silver, copper, germanium)Billon (copper or copper bronze, sometimes with silver)Britannia silver (silver, copper)Electrum (silver, gold)Goloid (silver, copper, gold)Platinum sterling (silver, platinum)Shibuichi (silver, copper)Sterling silver (silver, copper) Tin Alloys Britannium (tin, copper, antimony)Pewter (tin, lead, copper)Solder (tin, lead, antimony) Titanium Alloys Beta C (titanium, vanadium, chromium, other metals)6al-4v (titanium, aluminum, vanadium) Uranium Alloys Staballoy (depleted uranium with titanium or molybdenum)Uranium may also be alloyed with plutonium Zinc Alloys Brass (zinc, copper)Zamak (zinc, aluminum, magnesium, copper) Zirconium Alloys Zircaloy (zirconium and tin, sometimes with niobium, chromium, iron, nickel)

Flexi Timings for Employees in an IT Organization

Flexi Timings for Employees in an IT Organization Free Online Research Papers Objective Now days every organization is looking out for new ways and efficient and effective workforce planning mechanisms which can help them increase their productivity, make proper utilization of the resources (especially human resources) and provide complete employee satisfaction. Flexi-Time working is being accepted by more and more number of organizations now days because it is highly effective in providing complete employee satisfaction and helps the organizations to increase its productivity. There are many reasons why organisations should consider a more flexible approach to working patterns and leave arrangements. The benefits can be wide-ranging and long-lasting as well as providing short term solutions. As a business case will demonstrate, investing in employee well-being makes good business sense, not only in terms of improving performance, raising morale and reducing stress, but also improving attraction, recruitment and retention performance. â€Å"Companies that allow their staff to work flexibly reap handsome dividends. It is a case of a little going a long way.† â€Å"Work organisation and flexible working practices that benefit both the employer and the individual, will characterize the high performance work place of the future.† Efficiency, Effectiveness and retaining the employees for longer period can be got through Flexi working approach. The purpose of this article is to report findings from a study taken up on an IT organization (Navaraga Corporation held at Hyderabad) which gave up flexible working to its employees by using web collaborations tools and to examine the impact on the work and employees. Navaraga Corporation held at Hyderabad had been actively promoting this approach for several years and have measured the benefits across a wide range of criteria over a significant time period. Methodology Navaraga Corporation, has introduced a policy for flexible working since the time it started operations in hyderabad. The types of flexible plans are: a) Being available in core hours at office and remaining time can be considered flexi time b) Geographically dispersed work teams working from their location. c) Individuals taken up as special cases and would be considered working from home for a limited period – like employees who have small children etc. d) During unexpected incidents like band’s, curfews etc also flexi working from home had been considered. Let us look into this flexible plans in detail: a) Being available in core hours at office and remaining time can be considered flexi time: Here the employees can work (eg between 10 am and 4 pm), at office and whilst the rest of the working day is â€Å"flexitime†, in which staff can choose to work from anywhere subject to achieving total daily, weekly working hours and should complete the tasks assigned in time. Multiple time options followed by employees were: ? Begin work between 7.00 – 10.00 or 16.00 – 22.00 hours (flexitime can work from anywhere) ? Must be available at office between 10.00 – 14.00 (core working hours) for discussions and meetings on the work. Here there should be an understanding between the employee and their team leader about the arrangement of the time and work items and the employee should be clear about the expectations of his team leader. Their rationale is that as long as an employee’s productivity does not suffer, they have no issues about the number of hours he/she spends in office. They believe that more than observing work patterns, it is important to evaluate output. Similarly they appreciate the need of every employee to balance his/her work and personal life. They believe that it impacts the overall level of motivation, productivity and even influences the engagement levels of the organization. c) Individuals taken up as special cases would be considered working from home for a limited period – like employees who have small children etc.: Navaraga Corporation offers its employees the option to have flexibility in its standard working arrangements. These include family reasons, health reasons, and pursuit of academic/professional courses, which require part time working and are relevant to the company. The policy can be in the form of reduction in the standard working hours to a minimum of 4 hours a day or 20 hours a week. However, the option of allowing employees to avail flexi working hours will largely be determined by their needs of a particular role and at all times, the person must have connectivity. Research Papers on Flexi Timings for Employees in an IT OrganizationNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaTwilight of the UAWResearch Process Part OneIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married Males

The Womans Role as the Helper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Womans Role as the Helper - Essay Example As the religious experience within the Judeo-Christian cultures has been founded on a philosophy of the inferiority of women, the role of women has been to take a secondary position to men or launch a battle to fight through the stereotypes to become leaders. In a book published in 1917, Helen Bennett wrote that â€Å"Every demand is made upon the secretary’s imagination, her ingenuity, her versatility, her adaptability, her genius. That her shorthand must be rapid and accurate, her typing correct and artistic, her office methods modern and efficient, her knowledge of detail and of her subject matter endless† (167). Bennett wrote of nurses, newspaper women, and secretaries, giving them all the roles of helpers, but with an understanding that in those roles they would do the work that made the difference. Women have been working in roles that were defined conceptually as helping roles throughout history. These roles have included those of wife, secretary, nurse, elementary education teachers, and as love interest. All these roles have had a cultural insinuation as being roles of support to the male needs so that the male could be free to rule the world in whatever capacity his vocation would deem. This role, however, has been always seen as inferior. This has led to lower wages and lower levels of respect for work that has been done. Sexuality-based theory in regard to the work place suggests that â€Å"the main engine of misogyny is the way in which intercourse has been constructed so that the man is the aggressor and is on top, (while) the woman is passive and is beneath the man† (MacKinnon and Siegel 162).

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 7

Assignment Example Thus there exists a significant relationship between the content and the process. Content is one side of teaching on the science subject where you need to know what needs to be taught. The content is the knowledge side of the activity of teaching. This knowledge needs to be imparted in an effective manner in the classroom which suits the pedagogy of the students and generates an interest on the subject. For example, an adoption of the process of meta-cognitive discussions include discussing the strategies required to effectively disseminate the learning to the students creates a balance between the two concepts in the classroom. Setting ground rules, providing a road map, taking feedbacks from the students on their expectations followed by delivery of the educational content fulfils the objective of learning in a balanced manner. Answer 2 The five elements of effective adolescent literacy program are i) direct, explicit and comprehensive instruction, ii) effective instructional princ iples embedded in the content, iii) motivation and self directed learning, iv) text based collaborative learning, v) strategic tutoring. In elementary level grade, strategic tutoring is essential for effective adolescent literacy program. The teachings on science concepts are imparted through strategic instructions on reading and writing given to an individual and group of students. The requirements of the students are assessed in terms of their needs and expectations and strategic instructions are given to the students to suit their capacity of learning. For example, a group of students who may not be able to keep up with pace of progress of studies could be instructed separately to bring their reading and writing skills on the same platform. This helps to carry out the classroom program in elementary grade in an effective manner. Answer 3 A culturally responsive classroom environment celebrates the existence of different culture and languages in the environment. The activities to support culturally responsive instruction includes i) labelling of objects of the classroom like desk, chair, table by different languages, ii) inviting students from different cultural background to share stories of the culture and religion of their origin, iii) use of video clips of different regional sources in the course of learning, iv) having a world map or globe to promote acceptance of global views, v) using choral readings for students with limited fluency of language of instruction. During science classes in elementary grade, the invitation to students to share stories on scientific achievements of their countries would help to promote a culturally responsive classroom environment (Gay, 2010). Answer 4 The B-D-A framework of teaching is adopted by the teachers that are largely dependent on the students present in the classroom, the text that is to be studied during the course of education and the kind of activities that are to be performed in the classrooms. The three stag es of B-D-A activities are the before reading stage, during reading stage and the after reading stage. The purpose of the before-reading stage is to understand the knowledge and awareness of the students on the subject. The responses of the students are connected to the areas of learning through engagement in activities. For example, small groups of students are formed and are made to participate on activities related to science subjects and then feedback is taken from the students on t

Article Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Article Summary - Essay Example The bank not just possesses the financial might but also has a brilliant team of experts who have defined bank’s policies from time to time. Nobel laureate like Joseph Stiglit and prominent economists like Lawrence Summers have added to the intellectual capital of the bank. In spite of the major role played by the bank in global development, it’s financial might and the intellectual assets; the bank has been criticized by the Right wing as well as the Left wing for it’s functioning and this criticism is aimed at not just restricting the activities of the bank but has practically challenged the very existence of the bank. Revenue model of the bank involves selling bonds to investors in rich countries and receiving grants for raising the capital. While lending and soft lending to developing and underdeveloped countries complete the revenue model. In 1996, the bank acknowledged that some of the parts of soft lending were unrecoverable. Left wing wanted these debts to be written off by converting them to grants. Twice, in 1996 and 1999 the bank has ceded to these demands and partly written off the loans. However, there is another demand for completely writing off loans of 33 Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPCS). It is notable that some countries like Philippines and China have achieved growth from these soft loans and are yet to repay those loans. Writing-off such loans would mean big loss to the bank and reduced resources for future lending. In the past, bad debts of the World Bank had been compensated by the aid from rich countries. Britain still favors the same model. However, the US wants all the debts to be converted into grants. Under the US pressure, the soft loan fund is being converted into grant fund since 2003 and it is forecasted that by 2035, this fund will be reduced to just 10% of its present size. With no new support coming from the rich countries, this

Youth Work in Schools Research Methodology Essay

Youth Work in Schools Research Methodology - Essay Example al, 2008, 63). Much more specifically, however, the authors attempt to better understand how and to what degree youth work can affect learning outcomes of margenalized and disengaged students, including the so-called â€Å"quietly disengaged† that may not frequently the central topic of educational research (Morgan et. al, 2008, 2), because of the lack of their obvious need when compared to other similarly marginalized students. In particular, this work attempts to dissect many of the ‘soft’ educational outcomes that may be improved or affected by youth work, such as â€Å"raising self-esteem, increasing young people’s confidence, building relationships, challenging values and beliefs etc† (Morgan et. al, 2008, 46). These outcomes, though obviously incredibly important for the healthy development of young people in any educational environment, can be a difficult target to track or put political will into because of the lack of measureable objectives. This research attempts to uncover the degree to which youth work can be effective in achieving these soft outcomes, while simultaneously understanding how youth work, an informal educational tool, can be integrated into the formal educational environment of schools. ... Furthermore, qualitative analysis gives the researchers the ability to use the findings of educational professionals in their own words, which obviously helps generate increased validity and a more thorough understanding of the subtleties and complexities involved in the research (Cohen, et. al., 2000, 31). The researchers used a soft form of coding, whereby they would group similar types of responses together and attempt to give their reader a good idea of majority or frequently cited opinions, often to be immediately followed by a few specifics either paraphrased or given in full quotation. When describing the first question of interviews, for instance, the researchers said that â€Å"while the youth workers launched into a straightforward response by outlining their work the schools perceived ‘informal’ education in quite a different light while those from Youthreach understood it in the context of a programme that was, in the first instance, divorced from schoolâ₠¬  – giving a characterization of frequent responses, followed by analysis, and finally specific examples which are not quoted here (Morgan et. al., 2008, 70). Obviously one significant issue with this type of qualitative analysis is that it grants the researcher incredible amounts of leeway in characterizing results, and deciding where to put emphasis: this can be either beneficial, focusing on small ideas of great importance, or detrimental, such as possibly ignoring or under-representing important trends or frequent responses. This research piece used a wide variety of different qualitative research methods: â€Å"In-depth interviews with key informants from youth work, schools and Youthreach; A worksheet/questionnaire for young people with experience of informal practices in formal settings; Focus

Comparison of Walmart and Target Policies and Practices Term Paper

Comparison of Walmart and Target Policies and Practices - Term Paper Example Walmart has one of the most elaborate ethical policies within the industry. Part of the reason for this is that Walmart has a tendency of issuing new ethical policies after facing a legal crisis or a new challenge. For instance, in the year 2005, the company issued a lengthy policy statement after ousting seven managers that had been working for the company. The company's policy statement outlined some of the obligations that employees are required to adhere to when dealing with clients. Walmart is very strict about the personal conduct of its staff members within the employee-customer relationship. Employees are required to exercise honesty, respect, and good judgment. ... This area is especially sensitive because other firms in the retail sector have spent millions of dollars in lawsuits due to non-adherence to accounting ethics and practices. The company asserts that accountants who fail to hold utmost accounting practices will be ousted out of their positions with immediate effect. Walmart also covers ethics in staff employment practices as the company also extends its social responsibility to employees within the company. For instance, all workplace benefits relating to married couples have also been extended to gay unions. Additionally, the company believes in the fact that no employee should be discriminated upon. The same policy also applies to clients. All clients in Walmart ought to be treated in a manner that is sensitive and respectful; the company will not tolerate any cases of racism, gender bias or any other sort of discrimination. On top of this, the company believes in meeting its obligations towards its employees by giving them their due payments and benefits. Walmart firmly believes that all of its stakeholders should exercise corporate responsibility and share many similar values.     

Culture and difference Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Culture and difference - Essay Example The first perspective is contributors commented on happenings that may or may not need to take consign on speculative justifications as simultaneously to cultural change. This is based on the theoretical evidences that are observed on a daily change occurring in the life of people. The second important explanation provided by the contributors is based on the effect of technology on ecological factors. Growth in technology has a direct effect on the ecology this has been presented with significant justifications. The third and most important theory on this ground is based directly on the direct impact of the nature and role of individual uniqueness, ways of consigning about identity, the position of education to uniqueness and more prejudiced positions including personal indications, explanation on sensory contribution and human. Therefore these are the main topics that deal with theory, change and individual identity. The impact of technology on individual culture is based on this hy pothesis. The impact of technology is spot-lighted with substantial examples and evidences under the discussion below. The effect of technology has many positive aspects in human lives. Technology is accountable for various changes that are featured in the present time. Technology empowers individual abilities and also extends human capacities. Most of the items that are used by a person today like car, eye-glass, phone and computer are technologically advanced items that give people wings to extend the natural capacities. These items are very useful in day to day life of a person and without certain machines human beings find it very difficult to survive. This was not how people used to feel a few decades ago. Technology has entered in human lives in a very broad-way. There are certainly numerous positive features because of which technologically advanced equipments are so easily acceptable by people, however there are

Youth Work in Schools Research Methodology Essay

Youth Work in Schools Research Methodology - Essay Example al, 2008, 63). Much more specifically, however, the authors attempt to better understand how and to what degree youth work can affect learning outcomes of margenalized and disengaged students, including the so-called â€Å"quietly disengaged† that may not frequently the central topic of educational research (Morgan et. al, 2008, 2), because of the lack of their obvious need when compared to other similarly marginalized students. In particular, this work attempts to dissect many of the ‘soft’ educational outcomes that may be improved or affected by youth work, such as â€Å"raising self-esteem, increasing young people’s confidence, building relationships, challenging values and beliefs etc† (Morgan et. al, 2008, 46). These outcomes, though obviously incredibly important for the healthy development of young people in any educational environment, can be a difficult target to track or put political will into because of the lack of measureable objectives. This research attempts to uncover the degree to which youth work can be effective in achieving these soft outcomes, while simultaneously understanding how youth work, an informal educational tool, can be integrated into the formal educational environment of schools. ... Furthermore, qualitative analysis gives the researchers the ability to use the findings of educational professionals in their own words, which obviously helps generate increased validity and a more thorough understanding of the subtleties and complexities involved in the research (Cohen, et. al., 2000, 31). The researchers used a soft form of coding, whereby they would group similar types of responses together and attempt to give their reader a good idea of majority or frequently cited opinions, often to be immediately followed by a few specifics either paraphrased or given in full quotation. When describing the first question of interviews, for instance, the researchers said that â€Å"while the youth workers launched into a straightforward response by outlining their work the schools perceived ‘informal’ education in quite a different light while those from Youthreach understood it in the context of a programme that was, in the first instance, divorced from schoolâ₠¬  – giving a characterization of frequent responses, followed by analysis, and finally specific examples which are not quoted here (Morgan et. al., 2008, 70). Obviously one significant issue with this type of qualitative analysis is that it grants the researcher incredible amounts of leeway in characterizing results, and deciding where to put emphasis: this can be either beneficial, focusing on small ideas of great importance, or detrimental, such as possibly ignoring or under-representing important trends or frequent responses. This research piece used a wide variety of different qualitative research methods: â€Å"In-depth interviews with key informants from youth work, schools and Youthreach; A worksheet/questionnaire for young people with experience of informal practices in formal settings; Focus

Culture and difference Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Culture and difference - Essay Example The first perspective is contributors commented on happenings that may or may not need to take consign on speculative justifications as simultaneously to cultural change. This is based on the theoretical evidences that are observed on a daily change occurring in the life of people. The second important explanation provided by the contributors is based on the effect of technology on ecological factors. Growth in technology has a direct effect on the ecology this has been presented with significant justifications. The third and most important theory on this ground is based directly on the direct impact of the nature and role of individual uniqueness, ways of consigning about identity, the position of education to uniqueness and more prejudiced positions including personal indications, explanation on sensory contribution and human. Therefore these are the main topics that deal with theory, change and individual identity. The impact of technology on individual culture is based on this hy pothesis. The impact of technology is spot-lighted with substantial examples and evidences under the discussion below. The effect of technology has many positive aspects in human lives. Technology is accountable for various changes that are featured in the present time. Technology empowers individual abilities and also extends human capacities. Most of the items that are used by a person today like car, eye-glass, phone and computer are technologically advanced items that give people wings to extend the natural capacities. These items are very useful in day to day life of a person and without certain machines human beings find it very difficult to survive. This was not how people used to feel a few decades ago. Technology has entered in human lives in a very broad-way. There are certainly numerous positive features because of which technologically advanced equipments are so easily acceptable by people, however there are

Transitional Curriculum in Aesthetic Teaching Essay Example for Free

Transitional Curriculum in Aesthetic Teaching Essay According to the author, teacher self-efficacy is a belief in one’s self to organize and execute actions for the students to learn. He presented the abstract which he himself doing it for the past two decades of teaching. The objectives of the study is to validate the writer’s voice of teaching experience based on Albert Bandura’s self-efficacy which include the objectives of finding important aspects in successful curriculum revision, determining the reasons in revising the curriculum in Aesthetic Teaching, identifying factors and analysing units in book revision including approaches and methods, and generate success stories of the revised books had to clients as well as proposing plans to upgrade the teacher’s attitudinal change. Short literature review focuses on the past learning concepts and theories that supported his studies with emphasis on progression, curriculum realignment. Qualitative research was primarily used in his studies with grounded theory, content analysis, descriptions, and narratives from verbal testimonies as primary methodologies with the use of simple percentages and ranks. The reasons in writing his books were categorized into three themes of personal regard, professional stewardship, and social responsibility. CHED Competencies, PRC/LET Competencies and NCBTS domains were the factors in a series of revisions. The author believed in his studies and came up with the good and sound results and concluded that any action initiated is mandated by the school, writer’s personality and experiences with others, client’s needs and feedbacks, trends and curricular standards, and philosophical frameworks determine self-efficacy in whatever curriculum decision undertaken. He also concluded that revised books had contributed to a non-stressful learning environment as a threshold for student’s academic freedom that enhanced career performance.

The Olympics: Ethical Issues

The Olympics: Ethical Issues Olympics is considered as one of the biggest international events in the history of sports. It stages athletes from countries all over the world. It is held every four years and the complete event would last for more than two and a half weeks. It is considered as one of most popular sporting event in the world, with over a thousand sportsmen taking part in more than twenty sporting events. The audience wide worlds which are viewing the Olympics are over a billion. The Olympics was started nearly 3000 years ago in Greece, this was done to honor the greek gods, athletes would train over a period of time to compete against other athletes to compete in Olympia where the winners are rewarded with a crown of olive eyes, which would bring fame, victory and respect. New events were introduced as time passed, and a huge range of sporting events came into place which encouraged more people to take part in the events. Despite earlier struggles, the Olympic Games have developed into one of the w orlds most recognizable global brands, and a key event on the international sporting and events calendar, anticipated by athletes, sport enthusiasts and coach potatoes alike ( Amis and Cornwell , 2005) Olympics is hosted once in every four years and its hosted by a specific city , not a country . Olympics are divided into special Olympics like Winter Olympics, Paralympics and the special Olympics , which are specifically designed for people with disabilities. The city in which the Olympics is hosted , it would have various sites in and around the city where different sporting events would be taking place, it also has to provide an Olympic Village where the competitors and their coaches would be living . Every country has its own Olympic organization which has the responsibility for looking after its team. Olympics which is seen as the biggest event with tremendous amount of time spent in planning and designing and the implementation. Attributes most closely associated with the Olympic image are positive, aspirational and emotional; such as being the best, trustworthy, inspirational, peaceful, honorable, participation and striving (International Olympic Committee 2001, p. 9). One of the important powerful symbols for the Olympics is the Olympic torch, representing freedom, a lack of cultural barriers and harmony Olympic Marketing Marketing is one of the most powerful tool used in Olympics with the help of corporate sponsorship. Corporate sponsorship have been divided into various categories like the official sponsor, official license and the the official license which are given to sponsors who invest in this mega event for a month. The income which they earned was over 215 Million US dollars. Huge corporate sponsorship was seen during the event in 198 when the games where held in Los Angeles, that when Olympics was recognized as a competition which earned a multi million pound and everyone wanted to be a part of the event DRUG USE ETHICAL ISSUES IN OLYMPICS The use of drug to enhance the performance in sports has been from long hisrory . In the greek society , the role of sports have prominent from 400 BC. Victory in ancient Olympics gave the winners lot of fame , money , house, exemptions from tax and army service. From those people have been taking enhancing drugs in form of plant extracts and mushroom , it was one of the major reason why dissolution of ancient Olympics happened. In roman empire chariot racers fed their horses with enhancing drugs so that they could run faster and gladiators were doping to make the entertainment vigorous and bloody for the paying audience. it is relevant to note a recent initiative to better link sports management and ethical sustainable development. Industry bodies are encouraged to take up ethically considered action that will strengthen the field and enhance the use of sport for education and economic development purposes whilst safeguarding future generations from the identified threats existing in the sports environment ( T. Eleni,pp. 48 ) Self regulating and incitemen mechanisms for athletes sponsors and the media must be established inorder o fight the lethal dangers in sports permitting sports to remain safe for those who practice it, for society in general and to serve harmonious human development everywhere , as the preample to the Olympic charter states ( T. Eleni, pp. 48) It has become more important to keep the notion of the sport which is supported by the slogan as safe . In broader term which mean sports which is sustainable, which is addiction free, fair and ethical. It should be sustainable by which sports should not lead to construction of facilities which are inappropriate or organizing events which are gigantic which on the contrary helps the sports to create development which is balanced. Sports should be addiction free by which it avoids the use of all of enhancing drugs but instead promoting sports which in turn contributes towards better health. Sports should be fair by not allowing it to be turning into physical or moral violence, but making it more effective as an educational tool which is incomparable, and Ethics in sports should contribute towards sound and effective economy, by not allowing it to become corrupted or criminal in nature. By promoting, managing and financing a SAFE sport managers and planners can contribute to a harmonious human development everywhere and meet the needs of the present sportsmen/women, athletes and fans without further harming sport or compromising the ability of future generations to enjoy sport at its best ( T. Eleni, pp. 49).The call for a social responsibility is a must, it ranges from responsibilities which is contractual, for stakeholders development and considerations of economic, ethical and legal have to be made. It is done for effective relationship between employees , customers, community, competitors, government and investors who have interest in the particular event or company. The use of drugs in sport has been widely reported by the media in recent years to the extent that many people consider it to be a modern day phenomenon. There is evidence , however , of a long history of the use of drugs in sport to enhance performance that can be tracked to Greek times ( Cahmore, 1996) Political Scandals Surrounding the Olympics As the Olympic Games were increasingly become popular, the games have become a tool of political nature. Most of the countries use special competitors as political ambassadors. One of the objectives in charter of Olympics, the IOC ( International Olympic Committee) is to oppose any abuse of political nature in sports and athletics. Over the years 3 major Olympics have been cancelled during the world wars and due to this in the year 1920 countries like Austria, Hungary, Germany and Turkey were not allowed to participate In the event due to their role in the world war I . Of all the Olympic games which took place, the Berlin Game which took place is 1936 was the most influenced game as the games were awarded to Berlin which was quite evident that Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany would have complete control over the Olympic Games, it was a total display of political strength . However Hitler failed in the proving the theory of superiority of race when he was frustrated over black athletes like Jesse Owens winning four gold medals in different events. The Olympic Games are not new to criticism, controversy and negative connotations, most commonly relating to perceived commercialism and the politicising of the event itself (Roche 2002; Lenskyj 2000) Another example of the Political events linked with the Olympics when a group of terrorists attacked the Israeli headquarters during the Olympics in Munich and killed two people instantly and murdered another 9 during a failed rescue attempt by the German police at the airport. All of these examples show how different countries use Olympics as a venue for making their Political stand DRUG USE A MORE CONTEMPORARY PHENOMENON ( Coakely , 1994) Use of amphetaminine abuse in 1960s which indicates how widespread drug abuse had become , which led the authorities to attempt to eradicate he problem. 1960s the use of widespread drugs was due to the following factors More liberal approach to experimentation of drugs in the society which caused the attitudes of the drug users more socially acceptable Advances in the medical science have made drugs more widely available Since the event being commercialized and with huge increase in the media coverage which has resulted in higher financial rewards for participants which has paved the way for the change in the attitude among the athletes to attain victory through drug use. Due to this widespread use of drugs in the modern era and the difficulty faced in controlling the use of drugs many people have raised a question as to why the purpose of sports or sporting events itself. The whole emphasis on winning a gold medal in the Olympics has completely lost the real values behind such a great sporting event. The fundamental principle of any sporting event is that it should promote fair play and there should no discrimination between different people . This is one of the highest ideals which they should follow. When the rules are followed, the sporting events become a human activity which is worthwhile , when this activity is just associated with goal for result than the process itself, thats when it is simply corrupted. The ethics of Olympics promotes equality and fair play . Participants who with the complete knowledge of the ethics use drugs then they use it which becomes a ethical and moral issue. Olympic motto which says that taking part is more important than the winning . Many people in sports today considers ethics as integral part in the meaning of sports and they are unhappy about the degrading part about the sport. Professionalization and commercialization of sporting events in last 40 years have seen a gradual drop in the ethics of traditional sports and its replacement by upgraded new ethics which promotes winning by any means and not any more participation. Use of Drugs in sporting event is justified by new sports ethics Sacrifices made by athletes in the name of sport Athletes in order to excel used deviant methods to succeed even if it means that they have to pay a price Accepting any kind of risks which includes use of drugs to reach excellence Athlete accepts no limit to performance when the medical science and technology field has improved to such an extend Sporting events in this modern era are so rewarding that many new athletes follow the new sporting ethics without questioning different risks associated with their health and safety without questions the actions morally. Sporting events have become so entertaining and expectations from the society are so high that expectations from the athletes are over the human performance. Olympic Marketing Marketing is one of the most powerful tool used in Olympics with the help of corporate sponsorship. Corporate sponsorship have been divided into various categories like the official sponsor, official license and the the official license which are given to sponsors who invest in this mega event for a month. The income which they earned was over 215 Million US dollars. Huge corporate sponsorship was seen during the event in 198 when the games where held in Los Angeles, that when Olympics was recognized as a competition which earned a multi million pound and everyone wanted to be a part of the event Corporate Governance:- It is defined as a system by which an organization is controlled and directed even the distribution of rights and responsibilities among participants of the organization . Organizations who stage the sport and events also have the responsibility to ensure that they comply with requirements of legislation which is relevant. Legislation is in place to ensure that people should abide by standards of behavior which is ethical in nature and at the same time sporting events should become aware of the legislation applicable. Ethical concept An overview Ethical approach is a concept which is a key factor in performance of organization, business or event. Ethics in the management is focused on the organizational and moral standards which exist in all situations. Decision making in any organization or event should consider the range and pressures which are of ethical nature. Assessment in an ethical focus will consider different interrelationship of activities, products and services of different ranges, and relationships between different community and environment. Ethical issues which concerns the business sectors and the public level organizations exist at three levels which is individual , macro and corporate level. At the individual level it basically deal with the behavioral pattern and actions pertaining to the certain individual within the organization. In the macro level , it is the role of the business in the international context of the society, in the corporate level , it deals with the corporate social responsibility which studies the ethical effect it has on individual and corporate entities. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN MAJOR EVENT: OLYMPICS FAIR PLAY Olympics which is seen as a large event promotes fair play as one of the ethics. it refers to a certain conduct specifically for the individuals involved in the ethics of the game . It can be also defined as benchmark principle or value to be followed during and after an event, match or game. All the organizations involved with the sporting events should ensure that these principles and values are understood clearly by every individual and these values are promoted and understood by all the individuals involved in these sporting events and the consequences they have to face if they do not adhere to these ethics. Consistency is very vital as no individual because of their popularity or position in that particular sport would have an added advantage. Fair play can be promoted through specific codes of conduct, a code which does clearly define the specific practices that captures ethical values of sports. HUMAN RIGHTS Its in a major aspect in sporting events as it is in all the aspects of life that individuals do respect each other and they are aware about the rights they have. The human rights come under one of the ethical considerations as it covers main areas including freedom of thought, liberty, Protection of property and special requirements needed for the hearing procedures and tribunals. By identifying the diversity of those who are planning, competing and attending the event, it would be easier to meet the needs of those who are involved , avoid the legal challenges and ensuring fairness. EQUITY It is fundamental to the participation in the governance, delivery of sport and organization. Equity in sports protects all individuals equally and it basically upholds the social justice so as to ensure everyone is respected and their rights are being protected, it is a critical element in the diversity of sporting events and it is no longer acceptable for people to discriminate people or put down others on basis of difference in the name of religion , sex, ethnicity , culture, disability etc. Major event host have an important responsibility to provide access not only to athletes, but also to spectators, employees, service providers and volunteers . Access refers to aspects of events which are physical example, wheel chair access or signage being placed which is Braille. Creating a suitable environment in which people feel safe and free from any danger makes events accessible . DISABILITY SPORT As human beings , we often come across people of certain age group who are affected with certain illness, health problem or disability which hold them back from doing any activity or restrictions from full participations. As a result of their condition , they should be given special assistance to in order to participate in that particular environment. In major sporting events there are so many way in which assistance can be given to people with disabilities like changes made to buildings design , use of specialist equipment and training given to the members who would be providing them with special assistance. Helpful understanding staff ,volunteers as well as facilities which are modified which will make the event a memorable experience whatever the roles that they hold in these events. ETHINCITY , RACE AND SPORTS Racisim is very sensitive issue, it can be explained as discrimination against an individual in respect to their colour, racial origin ,ethnicity ,ancestry or even place of birth. Racism of any nature is not welcomed in any society and it should not be kept prolonged in any form of sport. The use of positive images in advertising or promoting the event in a specific way or translation of important information will keep away racism and ensure that environment is quite welcoming for different nationalities and communities. STAKEHOLDERS THEORY APPLIED TO OLYMPICS Everyone who comes into contact with the event assesses the event in one or other way. There is a list of people who would assess the success of an event Staff all the people employed for this event and this also applies to people who are sub contractors and other potential staffs. The audiences- who has the made event so lively by providing the active viewership Local Communities- This relates to the staffs employed and people living in the local communities who have showed their esteem support by welcoming a huge crowd for this mega event Sponsors- Major sponsors who has financially helped the event Suppliers suppliers relate to all people who provided material for staging different events at different arenas Media- Whole event coverage has been done by the media and they would assess it in their own way by promoting the event in large scale all over the world. Performance would be calculated according to each of these groups depending on their interests, it is therefore necessary to identify the group who has a genuine interest in the event and all the necessary steps should be taken to see that the stakeholder groups and parties interested in the event are well informed and satisfied with all the services being provided as far as possible. Ethics have played an important role in the Olympics as it has laid down rules covering areas of subjects which has improved the games experience in a total way. Ethical guidelines are a must for such an event which covers a wide area of people from different regions of the world. As the Olympics have progressed over the years several issues affecting different classes of people and country as a whole have been eradicated and methods are devised to curb any area of the event which is ethically degrading the Olympic image. With all this commercialization in place and urge of the new media coverage reaching millions of viewers across the globe, Olympics should emerge as even a cleaner sporting events promoting true sportspeople and enhancing new technologies to curb the use of drugs and blocking the threat of terrorism attacks through further security screening in place. References Amis, J., and T. B. Cornwell. 2005. Global Sport Sponsorship: Berg Publishers. Cashmore, E. ( 1996) Making sense of Sports, London : Routledge Coakley , J . ( 1994) Sports in Society : Issues and Controversies, London : Mosby Theodoraki, E (2007) Olympic event organization, Elsevier International Olympic Committee. 2001. Olympic Marketing 1980 2001. Marketing Matters 19: Roche, M. 2002. The Olympics and Global Citizenship. Citizenship Studies 6 (2): 165-181 REFLECTIONS Business Ethics Business ethics is shared norms of those who run a business , which is controlled by the social, cultural ,religious, philosophical, geographical , political, economic, legal norms . Business ethics change with the changing value system , moulding and recreating to fit the current need of the society. Though business relates to profit and ethics to morality, literally they contradict each other.With the business group gaining lots of money from the market, it needs to follow these ethics , which do have moral component . These ethics are there to please the individual and group morals in the society so as to win the market, otherwise business if only guided by profit motives can prove dangerous to the society so business group have to realise their social responsibility, through this social responsibility the businesscommunity share their profit for the wellbeing of society that is for educating youth, running awareness campaigns on social issues etc . The sense of right and wrong ke ep changing with change in: Time : beliefs and ways of life change with changing time. Modern business is far more different from the past exchange system and had been changing till since then. Place: different countries have different business ethics depending on their local scenario. Political parties: the liberal , socialist, communist ideology of the political party in power would control the business scenario Legal system: Business Ethics which are prescribed right by the state are strictly followed, their violation amounts to punishment. Culture and religion believes : ethics change with change in culture eg Islamic culture believes that doing business for making money is moral prescription whereas Hindu culture believe that one has come with nothing and would go with nothing so profit making is not considered moral rather giving alms and donations are prescribes, whereas in USA Calvinism prescribes working for making money S. Carmichael (1995) states that Business ethics is a wider concept , which not only includes ethics on product development and marketing but ethical issue such as Employee conflict of interest, inappropriate corporate gifts, sexual harassment, Unauthorised payments, affirmative action, employee privacy, environmental issues, employee health screening, conflict between companys ethics, foreign business practice, security of company ethics, workplace safety, advertising content, product safety standards, corporate contribution, shareholders interests, social issues raised by religious organisations, product pricing, executive salaries etc Thus Business ethics are important for the wellbeing of society on the whole and profit companies too. Profit of business ethics is sense of being right, which gives market reputation and confidence of the consumers. Thus better business locally and internationally. REFERENCES S. Carmichael (1995), Business ethics: the new bottom line, Demos, 1995 Sustainability Sustainable development is a development is that meets the needs of present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Martin . w. Holdgate, 1996) Business has played a big role in the destruction of the environment and now it has become the responsibility of the business to curb its destructive practices and move towards revival of environment. Sustainability is a big challenge for the business community. Sustainability has social, economic and environmental parameters. That signifies that its a social responsibility that all the resources available on earth are to be preserved for future generations and the economical usage is need of the hour or resources would soon deplete. The processes , material used and the waste produces by the industries can have direct link with environmental stability. The gases released by the industries is increasing the global temperature and thus participating in global warming. Air, water, soil pollution effecting the ecology and disturbing the whole ecosystem. The principles of sustainability include keeping account of the needs of the people specially deprived and poor people, having a long term vision with corporate and government participation, integrated strategy with collective efforts ,keeping in view social, political, economic factors, financial resources should be chalked out in anticipation along with the plan of action, access l to information and putting it to practice, proper monitoring of the strategy, keeping up with the latest information and updating and modifying the sustainability plan according to need, good communication system , initiative should be taken by all countries to have their own action plan instead of working with international pressure, need is of strong commitment of the government and leading corporate groups ,capacity building, local and national integration and meaningful participation at all levels. Problems faced in sustainable development is lack of financial backup, lack of public awareness, limited time and lack of up-to-date technology and infrastructure. The long term environmental health and store of resources for human consumption in future is the ultimate benefit. References:- Martin . w. Holdgate, 1996, From care to action: making a sustainable world, Taylor Francis Conflicted Events Conflict is a universal , conscious phenomenon in human relation. Gillin and Gillin says Conflict is a social process in which individual or group seeks their ends by directly challenging the antagonists by violence or threat of violence, Marx says conflict is a class phenomenon, there is conflict between upper class and economically poor class, where poor are exploited by rich, leading to frustration and finally class solidarity and conflict between these classes Causes: Acording to Darwin Struggle for exsistance and survival of the fittest is the cause of conflict. Frued says clash of interest within groups and societies leads to conflict. Other causes of conflict are individual differences, cultural differences, clash of interests and social change. Effects of conflict: Integrative Effects : It stiffens the morale and promote ingroup solidarity, redefines value system, resolves crisis, leads to new consensus, keeps group alert about members interests Disintegrative effects: conflicts increase bitterness. It leads to destruction and bloodshed, it leads to tension, it disrupts normal channels of cooperation , it diverts members attention from group objectives. Theories of conflict: Marxian theory of conflict talks about the development of economically dominant class, which goes for accumulation of wealth and property by exploiting poor people. This resulted in wide economic gap i.e. polarisation of clases. The dominant class kept accumulating wealth on cost of poor leading to poor becoming still poorer, that is termed as pauperization, poor when work constantly like a machine without proper rewards and he did not get credit and name for the product he produces. This leads frustration. The frustrated deprived group develops common consciousness and they stand against the dominant class and finally revolution occurs, leading to strength in voice of poor. This is the start of the communist society. Functional theory says conflict is universal and is useful for the society. Conflicting values lead to development of new value system, replacing the old one. Thus conflict becomes a basis for change. New believes replace the conflicting old believes and thus keep pace with the changing world. Conflict in event management: Conflict between the government policies and the corporate policies, local conflicts affecting the event, internal conflicts of the firm, conflict on event ownership, conflicts in the crowd due to miscreants and other antisocial elements , the events related to minority group, religion, sensitive social issues etc are more prone to conflict. Supply chain management Supply chain management is defined as asset of three or more companies linked by one or more of the upstream and downsteam flows of products, services, finances, and information from a source to a customer. Or supply chain management is defined as systemic, strategic coordination of traditional business functions within a particular company and across businesses within the supply chain, for the purpose of improving the long-term performance of the individual companies and supply chain as a whole. ( John T.Mentzer,2001) Main Purpose of supply chain management is to give contentment to the customer, to be placed higher in the competition, to be highly efficient via cost leadership. Functions of supply chain management is to implement the plans, upgrade the system of purchasing and keep an account of all purchase , create supply sources, receive supply, facilitate movement of goods to the customers and control the transport and delivery, monitoring the whole supply chain. Benefits of supply chain management is the manufacture can upgrade the product according to the demand of the market. The feedback from the customer, the team work of the company and regular communication at both ends result in better customer services and satisfaction of customer. The skill on the manufacturing end, requirement design , ideas from within the company brings a novel product. Regular contact with the supplier would keep manufacturer informed about the time and mode of availability of raw material, this helps company to plan accordingly saving time and avoiding undue delay in delivery of goods to the customer. Coordination of different parts via supply chain management would result in enhanced efficiency. Strategies of supply chain management: lean, agile and integration strategies. Lean strategy cuts on waste procedures, curbs delays, eases the movement, simplifies procedures, use latest technology, reduces cost and provides services close to the customers location. Lack of flexibility, ow customer satisfaction and inability to stand market competition are possible limitations. Agile strategy on the other hand brings complete customer satisfaction with adjustability and flexibility in response to market demands, its stands high in the competition, communication between the customer, supplier and the competitors is maintained. Scope: supply chain management has functional scope and organisational scope as well. The functional scope is the wide range of traditional business and the relationship with the other companies working in coordination with the firm denotes organisational scope. Thus supply chain management is significant to bridge the gap between supplier and manufacturer, manufacturer and customer and manufacturer and changing market demands. It enhances customer satisfaction and help producing up-to-date products. Reference:  · John T.Mentzer, ( 2001) Supply chain management,second edition, Sage publications, India Ltd  · Sunil chopra, P. meindl,(2000) Supply chain management strategy, planning and operations, third edition. ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE Environmental change with global warming is an issue of international concern. Rising levels of gases like carbon dioxide of temperature leading to melting of ice, resulting in increase in water level in the oceans, affecting climate zones all over the world. Change in climate zone would lead to extinctio

An Annotation of T.S. Eliots The Waste Land, Part 4, Death By Water Es

An Annotation of T.S. Eliot's The Waste Land, Part 4, Death By Water Each of us has our own personal wasteland. The wasteland may manifest itself in many things; school, loss of love, loneliness, work, fear or doubt. In any case, a wasteland is a part of us that is clearly missing something and causes a distinct lack of completeness and a sense of uncertainty about our future. T.S. Eliot manages to capture the essence of that dry and forsaken feeling in his five-part poem entitled, The Wasteland. Using five different sections, Eliot ties weaves together an enchanting story that was influenced by the book by Jessie L. Weston entitled From Ritual to Romance. Her book tells the ancient myth of the Fisher King, who lived as the impotent King of the Wasteland. The myth introduces a figure called the "Deliverer" who is also known as the Phlebas the Phoenician Sailor, who must sacrifice his life to save that of the dying Fisher King in hopes of restoring the dry and fertile land once again. Although based off of an ancient myth, the poem is drenched with Bib lical references and symbolic characters that offer connections to the life and death of Christ leading any reader to believe that Phlebas has every right to represent the person of Christ. Section four of the poem contains a problem that must be solved before the end of the work. Section IV entitled Death by Water holds the death of the figure that represents the "Deliverer" of Christ. A mere ten lines in length so much depends upon the interpretation of that death. Two strong interpretations can be made from the lines, however they leave the reader with the very same question to ponder. The conclusion that the two interpretations share is the idea and existence of life afte... ...ce of the wasteland. Humans running back and forth, never really accomplishing anything because they sense no greater purpose of meaning; they live in a dry, weary, compromised world†¦much like the life Eliot describes in part five where peoples faces "sneer and snarl (344)." The entire poem the wasteland is a searching, a struggle for the truth, for salvation of the dry, arid, and deserted time Eliot is living in. Eliot recognizes that there needs to be some sort of a renewal, a salvation that is offered to all. He establishes the first part of that renewal in Part 4 with the death of Phlebas. Whether we look at Phlebas as Christ and his sacrifice for the world, or we see Phlebas as a mere mortal, we see that in order to bring peace, re-birth, and renewal, death must precede that new beginning. Work Cited "Consider." Webster's Collegiate Dictionary. 1995.

The John F. Kennedy Conspiracy Essay -- John F. Kennedy JFK conspiracy

The John F. Kennedy Conspiracy On November 22, 1963 President John F. Kennedy arrived in Dallas to a crowd of excited people lining the streets hoping to get a glimpse of the President. As his motorcade proceeded down Elm Street, Governor Connally's wife said, "You can't say that Dallas isn't friendly to you today Mr. President." Upon that, John F. Kennedy, the thirty-fifth President of the United States was assassinated. The United States mourned the death of its young and inspiring President. It has been many years since the assassination of John F. Kennedy and people are still uncertain as to who was actually responsible for his assassination. Through the years there have been numerous theories that the CIA and the FBI were somehow linked to the assassination.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Though many would doubt that the president's own government would conspire to murder him; there are several possible reasons for their potential participation in an assassination plot. The Bay of Pigs was the spark that ignited the devastating fire. 1500 CIA trained anti-Castro expatriates were sent to seize Cuba. At the critical last moment President Kennedy cancelled the air strikes which were supposed to disable Castro's air force. As a result more than 100 of the CIA's men were killed; the remaining agents surrendered. (Morrissey)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kennedy took full public responsibility for the Bay of Pigs disaster though secretly he blamed the CIA. Kennedy fired three of the CIA?s top men whom were responsible for the operation: Director Allen Dulles, who was later a member of the Warren Commission (Lifton 176), General Cabell, and Richard Bissel. (Morrissey) After the CIA lost time, effort, and people in the attempt to secure Cuba, the CIA became hostile and wanted to get rid of Kennedy to prevent him from losing more ground, especially in Vietnam.Adding to the fire were Kennedy?s secret commitments to pulling out of Vietnam and his threat to?Smash the CIA into a thousand pieces and scatter them in the wind? (Belzer 79)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There were three known attempts on taking JFK?s life in the fall of 1963. In late October, Thomas Arthur Vallee was arrested by the secret service in Chicago days before a scheduled visit by Kennedy. Vallee was discovered to have an M-1 rifle, a handgun, and three thousand rounds of ammunition. Days later, the Secret Service received another threat: Kennedy would b... ...nd all of them were fired from Lee Harvey Oswald. The Commission stated that there was no conspiracy, domestic or international, and that there was no connection between Jack Ruby and Oswald. However, through the twenty six volumes and the approximately thirteen thousand pages of testimonies and documentary exhibits traces of testimonies from Kennedy?s physicians, Dallas physicians, eyewitnesses, or civilian films cannot be found. Works Cited Belzar, Richard. UFO?s, JFK, and Elvis conspiracies you don?t have to be crazy to believe. New York: The Ballantine Publishing Group, 1999. Galeano, Eduardo. Memory of Fire: III Century of the Wind. Part Three of a Trilogy, translated by Cedric Belfrage: Pantheon Books, 1988. Gest, Ted, at al. "JFK The Untold Story of the Warren Commission." U.S. News & World Report 17 August 1992: 28-42. JFK. Dir. Oliver Stone. Warner Bros, 1991. Lifton, David S. Best Evidence. New York: Carroll & Graf Publishers, Inc, 1980. Peterson, Roger S. "Declassified." American History July/ August 1996: 22-26, 54-57. The Bay of Pigs Revisited. Ed. Michael D. Morrissey. May. 1993. 3 May. 2000 .